Category: Palmar

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Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy for Treatment of Primary Palmar Hyperhidrosis.

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Efficacy of Photodynamic Therapy for Treatment of Primary Palmar Hyperhidrosis.

Dermatol Ther. 2020 Dec 10;:

Authors: Shabaik AH, Shaheen MA, Soltan MY

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Palmar hyperhidrosis represents a condition with a significant cosmetic and psychological burden. Various treatment modalities are available; however, searching for newer options to meet patients’ needs and expectations is encouraged.
AIM: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treatment of primary palmar hyperhidrosis. Two different photosensitizers for PDT were evaluated: eosin Y, and methylene blue. The study focused on the clinical efficacy, patient’s satisfaction, and the time & number of sessions needed to achieve a satisfactory response.
METHODS: Twenty patients with primary palmar hyperhidrosis were enrolled in a single-center clinical study. Patients were treated with PDT for a maximum of eight sessions. Two photosensitizers were tested: eosin Y, and methylene blue for the right and left hand, respectively. The Hyperhidrosis disease severity scale (HDSS), and Sweating Intensity Visual Scale of Minor’s test were used for assessment.
RESULTS: Photodynamic therapy effectively reduced the severity scores of hyperhidrosis with comparable results between the two photosensitizers. The treatment effect was maintained up to three months after the last procedure.
CONCLUSION: Photodynamic therapy is a good treatment option for primary palmar hyperhidrosis with results maintainable for three months after the treatment end.

PMID: 33301218 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Heart rate variability as a potential diagnostic tool to predict compensatory hyperhidrosis after sympathectomy in patients with primary focal hyperhidrosis.

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Heart rate variability as a potential diagnostic tool to predict compensatory hyperhidrosis after sympathectomy in patients with primary focal hyperhidrosis.

J Thorac Dis. 2020 Nov;12(11):6789-6796

Authors: Jeong SC, Kim JJ, Kim YH, Kim IS, Han JW, Moon SW

Abstract
Background: Primary focal hyperhidrosis (PFH) is associated with autonomic nervous activity, and studies investigating this association in patients with PFH are very important. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a simple and noninvasive electrocardiographic test showing activity and balance in the autonomic nervous system, which consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic components. The aims of this study are to investigate associations between autonomic nervous activity and hyperhidrosis characteristics using HRV and to investigate the association between HRV findings and compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH) after sympathectomy.
Methods: From March 2017 to March 2020, 105 subjects with PFH who underwent preoperative HRV tests and sympathectomy were analyzed. All subjects underwent bilateral thoracoscopic sympathectomy. T2 sympathectomy was conducted for craniofacial hyperhidrosis, and T3 sympathectomy was conducted for palmar hyperhidrosis. The following HRV parameters chosen to investigate the association between hyperhidrosis and autonomic nervous activity were measured by time and frequency domain spectral analysis: (I) time domain: standard deviation of normal-to-normal interval (SDNN) and square root of mean squared differences of successive normal-to-normal intervals (RMSSD), (II) frequency domain: total power (TP) of power spectral density, very low frequency (VLF), low frequency (LF), and high frequency (HF). HRV parameters were analyzed according to hyperhidrosis type (craniofacial vs. palmar type), sweat reduction, and CH after sympathectomy. In addition, the independent HRV parameters influencing CH after sympathectomy were investigated with multivariate analysis.
Results: Craniofacial hyperhidrosis was significantly more prevalent in the old age group (P<0.001). Sweat reduction after sympathectomy was significantly more prominent in palmar hyperhidrosis (P=0.037), and CH after sympathectomy was more prominent in craniofacial hyperhidrosis (P<0.001). Palmar type patients exhibited significantly larger SDNN, RMSSD, TP, LF, and HF than craniofacial type patients (all P<0.001). There were no significant differences in any HRV parameters according to sweat reduction after sympathectomy. Low-degree CH was associated with significantly larger SDNN, RMSSD, TP, LF, and HF than high-degree CH (P<0.001, P<0.001, P=0.002, P=0.001, and P<0.001, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that HF and age group were associated with CH after sympathectomy (P=0.007 and P=0.010, respectively).
Conclusions: This study shows that HRV can provide useful insight into the pathophysiology of PFH and enhance preoperative risk stratification of CH. Large-scale, prospective studies are required to determine the predictive value of HRV in patients at risk for subsequent CH after sympathectomy.

PMID: 33282380 [PubMed]

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Intra tester reliability of sympathetic skin responses in subjects with primary palmar hyperhidrosis.

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Intra tester reliability of sympathetic skin responses in subjects with primary palmar hyperhidrosis.

J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2020 Oct;24(4):57-62

Authors: Ghandali E, Hosseini SM, Moghimi HR, Khademi-Kalantari K, Talebian Moghadam S, Baghban AA, Mortazavi SM

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH) is a disorder related to sympathetic dysfunction. Iontophoresis can be used to reduce sweating rate. Sympathetic skin response (SSR) is commonly used to evaluate the sympathetic system. However, scarce evidence exists about the reliability of SSR parameters.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the relative and absolute reliability of SSR before and after the application of iontophoresis with aluminum chloride hexahydrate (ACH) gel or tap water in subjects with PPH.
METHODS: Twenty subjects were randomized to receive either iontophoresis with ACH gel or tap water. Three SSRs (amplitude and latency) with 5 s intervals from both hands in both groups were recorded before and after the application of iontophoresis for 30 min. Reliability of amplitude and latency of the SSR was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals, standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC).
RESULTS: Amplitudes and latencies of SSR showed good to excellent test-retest reliability for ICC in both groups before iontophoresis. Except for right hand latency which was moderate (0.5-0.75). After iontophoresis, the ACH gel group still showed good to excellent agreement for SSR parameters, while the reliability of SSR parameters in the tap water group was reduced.
CONCLUSION: Subjects with PPH showed high intra-rater reliability for SSR parameters which was maintained after ACH gel iontophoresis and decreased after tap water iontophoresis. It seems that media used for iontophoresis or the state of media (gel vs liquid) may affect the reliability of SSR. Further research is recommended.

PMID: 33218563 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Diagnosis, impact and management of hyperhidrosis including endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy.

Diagnosis, impact and management of hyperhidrosis including endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy.

Med J Malaysia. 2020 Sep;75(5):555-560

Authors: Ho YL, Fauzi M, Sothee K, Basheer A

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Hyperhidrosis is a disorder of excessive and uncontrollable sweating beyond the body’s physiological needs. It can be categorised into primary or secondary hyperhidrosis based on its aetiology. Detailed history review including onset of symptoms, laterality of disease and family history are crucial which may suggest primary hyperhidrosis. Secondary causes such as neurological diseases, endocrine disorders, haematological malignancies, neuroendocrine tumours and drugs should be adequately examined and investigated prior to deciding on further management. The diagnosis of primary hyperhidrosis should only be made only after excluding secondary causes. Hyperhidrosis is a troublesome disorder that often results in social, professional, and psychological distress in sufferers. It remains, however, a treatment dilemma among some healthcare providers in this region.
METHODS: The medical records and clinical outcomes of 35 patients who underwent endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy for primary hyperhidrosis from 2008 to 2018 in Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery were reviewed.
RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 27±10.1years, with male and female distribution of 18 and 17, respectively. Fifty-one percent of patients complained of palmar hyperhidrosis, while 35% of them had concurrent palmaraxillary and 14% had palmar-plantar-axillary hyperhidrosis. Our data showed that 77% (n=27) of patients were not investigated for secondary causes of hyperhidrosis, and they were not counselled on the non-surgical therapies. All patients underwent single-staged bilateral endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy. There was resolution of symptoms in all 35 (100%) patients with palmar hyperhidrosis, 13(76%) patients with axillary hyperhidrosis and only 2 (50%) patients with plantar hyperhidrosis. Postoperatively 34.3% (n=12) of patients reported compensatory hyperhidrosis. There were no other complications such as pneumothorax, chylothorax, haemothorax and Horner’s Syndrome.
CONCLUSION: Clinical evaluation of hyperhidrosis in local context has not been well described, which may inadvertently result in the delay of appropriate management, causing significant social and emotional embarrassment and impair the quality of life of the subjects. Detailed clinical assessment and appropriate timely treatment, be it surgical or non-surgical therapies, are crucial in managing this uncommon yet distressing disease.

PMID: 32918426 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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A retrospective cohort study of T3 versus T4 thoracoscopic sympathectomy for primary palmar hyperhidrosis and primary palmar hyperhidrosis with axillary and plantar sweating.

A retrospective cohort study of T3 versus T4 thoracoscopic sympathectomy for primary palmar hyperhidrosis and primary palmar hyperhidrosis with axillary and plantar sweating.

Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne. 2020 Sep;15(3):488-495

Authors: Xie H, Lu T, Zhu Y, Zhu D, Wei T, Yuan G, Yang Y, Liu X

Abstract
Introduction: Thoracoscopic sympathectomy (TS) has been proven to be a safe and effective treatment for primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PH). However, the complications include compensatory hyperhidrosis (CH), and over-dry hands may occur in some patients after TS.
Aim: To compare the therapeutic effect of T3 and T4 TS on primary PH and primary PH with axillary and plantar sweating.
Material and methods: We retrospectively analyzed 100 patients with PH who had undergone T3 (group A, n = 49) or T4 (group B, n = 51) TS in our department, with at least 1 year of postoperative follow-up.
Results: At discharge, no major complications or deaths occurred in either group. The condition of sweaty hands was fully improved in 44 of 49 patients in group A and all patients in group B, with a significant difference (p = 0.031). After 12 months of follow-up, 18 (36.7%) patients in group A and 4 (7.8%) patients in group B developed CH, 16 (48.5%) patients in group A and 24 (77.4%) patients in group B had improved axillary sweating, with a significant difference (p < 0.05). The satisfaction rate of group B was significantly higher than that of group A (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: Both T3 and T4 TS were safe and effective treatments for PH patients, but the incidence of CH in T4 TS was lower than that in T3 TS. T3 TS may be more suitable for patients with severe PH, while T4 TS had a better therapeutic effect on PH patients with axillary sweating.

PMID: 32904609 [PubMed]

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Adjusting oral glycopyrrolate medication for hyperhidrosis to reflect seasonal temperature variations.

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Adjusting oral glycopyrrolate medication for hyperhidrosis to reflect seasonal temperature variations.

Dermatol Ther. 2020 Aug 29;:e14249

Authors: García-Souto F, Del Boz J, Polo-Padillo J

Abstract
The condition of most patients with hyperhidrosis (HH) is known to worsen with increased temperature. However, most prior studies of oral glycopyrrolate (OGly) for the treatment of HH have assumed a stable treatment protocol, without taking into account seasonal variations in temperature. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes derived from performing a seasonal adjustment of the dose of OGly for patients with HH. A prospective study of patients who began OGly for HH, and maintained treatment for at least one year, was performed. All patients had experienced treatment failure with oral oxybutynin. All were recommended to vary the dose of medication according to the time of year. Of the thirty-five patients included in the study, twenty (57.14%) varied the dose. Those with palmar and plantar HH had a greater propensity to do so. The patients who varied the dose according to the time of year were significantly more likely to report an “Excellent” response after 12 months of treatment. The frequency of adverse effects was 71.4% with no significant differences among the study groups. However, there was a significantly higher proportion of adverse effects other than oral xerosis in the group that did not vary the dose. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

PMID: 32860330 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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Treatment approaches and outcomes associated with the use of abobotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of hyperhidrosis: a systematic review.

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Treatment approaches and outcomes associated with the use of abobotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of hyperhidrosis: a systematic review.

J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 Aug 08;:

Authors: Galadari H, Galadari I, Smit R, Prygova I, Redaelli A

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Botulinum neurotoxin type A has been used for the treatment of hyperhidrosis.
OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review of the literature to identify evidence on the treatment approaches and outcomes associated with abobotulinumtoxinA (aboBoNT-A) treatment of hyperhidrosis.
METHODS: Embase, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant observational studies (OSs), randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs. There were no date or country restrictions. Bibliographies of review articles and recent congress proceedings (2017-2019) were also searched. Articles were screened using predefined eligibility criteria and relevant data were extracted.
RESULTS: Of 191 unique articles identified, 23 were considered relevant (3 OSs, 10 non-RCTs and 10 RCTs). These articles provided data on axillary (13), palmar (7) and forehead (1) hyperhidrosis, compensatory hyperhidrosis of the back (1), Frey’s syndrome (1) and diabetic gustatory sweating (1). All studies reported that aboBoNT-A reduced sweating and no serious adverse events were observed. Patient satisfaction was high and improvements to quality of life were observed following aboBoNT-A treatment.
LIMITATIONS: Variability in the injection technique when comparing data across studies.
CONCLUSION: This study describes a range of treatment approaches and demonstrates positive outcomes of aboBoNT-A treatment for multiple types of hyperhidrosis.

PMID: 32781184 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher]

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A retrospective review on minimally invasive technique via endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) in the treatment of severe primary hyperhidrosis: Experiences from the National Heart Institute, Malaysia.

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A retrospective review on minimally invasive technique via endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) in the treatment of severe primary hyperhidrosis: Experiences from the National Heart Institute, Malaysia.

F1000Res. 2018;7:670

Authors: Musa AF, Gandhi VP, Dillon J, Nordin RB

Abstract
Background: Hyperhidrosis is due to the hyperactive autonomic stimulation of the sweat glands in response to stress. Primary hyperhidrosis is a common yet psychologically disabling condition. This study will describe our experience in managing hyperhidrosis via endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS). Methods: The information was obtained from the patient records from 1 st January 2011 until 31 st December 2016. Pertinent information was extracted and keyed into a study proforma. Results:  150 patients were operated on but only 118 patients were included in this study. The mean age was 22.9±7.3 years. The majority (54.2%) had palmar-plantar hyperhidrosis and 39.8% had associated axillary hyperhidrosis. Excision of the sympathetic nerve chain and ganglia were the main surgical technique with the majority (55.9%) at T2-T3 level. Mean ETS procedure time was 46.6±14.29 minutes with no conversion. Surgical complications were minimal and no Horner’s Syndrome reported. Mean hospital stay was 3.5±1.05 days. The majority of patients (67.8%) had only one follow-up and only half of the study sample (58.5%) complained mild to moderate degree of compensatory sweating, even though the long-term resolution is yet to be determined by another study. Following ETS, 98.3% of patients had instant relief and resolved their palmar hyperhidrosis. Predictors of CS were sympathectomy level and follow-up. The odds of reporting CS was 2.87 times in patients undergoing ETS at the T2-T3 level compared to those undergoing ETS at the T2-T4 level. The odds of reporting CS was 13.56 times in patients having more than one follow-up compared to those having only one follow-up. Conclusion: We conclude that ETS is a safe, effective and aesthetically remarkable procedure for the treatment of primary hyperhidrosis  with only half of the patients developing mild to moderate degree of CS. Significant predictors of CS were sympathectomy level during ETS and frequency of follow-up after ETS.

PMID: 32724556 [PubMed]